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Water
Volume 16
Issue 13
10.3390/w16131790
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Open AccessArticle
by Hongming Mao SciProfiles Scilit Preprints.org Google Scholar Shiwen Lu SciProfiles Scilit Preprints.org Google Scholar Guiying Huang SciProfiles Scilit Preprints.org Google Scholar Xianle Jia SciProfiles Scilit Preprints.org Google Scholar Chenqian Bao SciProfiles Scilit Preprints.org Google Scholar Xinyi Yan SciProfiles Scilit Preprints.org Google Scholar Xiangyong Zheng SciProfiles Scilit Preprints.org Google Scholar Min Zhao SciProfiles Scilit Preprints.org Google Scholar Zhan Jin SciProfiles Scilit Preprints.org Google Scholar 
Hongming MaoShiwen LuGuiying HuangXianle JiaChenqian BaoXinyi YanXiangyong ZhengMin ZhaoZhan Jin
1
National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Ecological Treatment Technology for Urban Water Pollution, Institute for Eco-Environmental Research of Sanyang Wetland, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China
2
Jiujiang Branch of Jiangsu Hongrun Biomass Energy Technology Co., Ltd., Jiujiang 332000, China
3
Taishun Branch of Wenzhou Municipal Bureau of Ecology and Environment, Wenzhou 325500, China
4
Wenzhou Municipal Bureau of Ecology and Environment, Wenzhou 325000, China
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Water 2024, 16(13), 1790; https://doi.org/10.3390/w16131790 (registeringDOI)
Submission received: 30 May 2024 / Revised: 17 June 2024 / Accepted: 20 June 2024 / Published: 25 June 2024
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Constructed Wetlands as a Sustainable Technology for Wastewater Treatment: Current Trends and Future Potential)
Abstract
Abstract: Constructed wetland systems employing submerged macrophytes are increasingly utilized for treating municipal and industrial wastewater, as well as odoriferous and eutrophic water bodies. However, the pollutant removal efficiency of these systems needs further enhancement. In this study, we examined the impact of the gas-to-water ratio on the treatment efficiency of the constructed wetland of Vallisneria. We also examined the extracellular polymeric substances (EPSs) of the floating biofilm and the structure of the microbial community in this system. Our findings showed that the gas-to-water ratio significantly affects the total nitrogen (TN) removal rate within the Vallisneria wetlands, with an optimum removal at a gas-to-water ratio of 15:1, while the removal efficiencies for chemical oxygen demand (COD), NH4+-N, and total phosphorus (TP) remain relatively unaffected. Increased gas-to-water ratios corresponded to a notable decrease in biofilm EPSs. High-throughput sequencing analysis demonstrated a shift in biofilm-denitrifying bacteria from anoxic heterotrophic to aerobic denitrifiers, alongside a significant rise in the abundance of denitrifying bacteria, whereas excessively high gas-to-water ratios inhibited the growth of these bacteria. A gas-to-water ratio of 15:1 constituted the optimal condition for ecological restoration of the water body within the Vallisneria wetland systems. These results could contribute to the optimization of submerged-macrophyte constructed wetland system design and the enhancement of treatment efficiency.
Keywords: constructed wetlands; Vallisneria; gas-to-water ratio; microbial community; extracellular polymeric substances
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MDPI and ACS Style
Mao, H.; Lu, S.; Huang, G.; Jia, X.; Bao, C.; Yan, X.; Zheng, X.; Zhao, M.; Jin, Z. Impact of Gas-to-Water Ratio on Treatment Efficiency of Submerged-Macrophyte Constructed Wetland Systems. Water 2024, 16, 1790. https://doi.org/10.3390/w16131790
AMA Style
Mao H, Lu S, Huang G, Jia X, Bao C, Yan X, Zheng X, Zhao M, Jin Z. Impact of Gas-to-Water Ratio on Treatment Efficiency of Submerged-Macrophyte Constructed Wetland Systems. Water. 2024; 16(13):1790. https://doi.org/10.3390/w16131790
Chicago/Turabian Style
Mao, Hongming, Shiwen Lu, Guiying Huang, Xianle Jia, Chenqian Bao, Xinyi Yan, Xiangyong Zheng, Min Zhao, and Zhan Jin. 2024. "Impact of Gas-to-Water Ratio on Treatment Efficiency of Submerged-Macrophyte Constructed Wetland Systems" Water 16, no. 13: 1790. https://doi.org/10.3390/w16131790
Note that from the first issue of 2016, this journal uses article numbers instead of page numbers. See further details here.
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MDPI and ACS Style
Mao, H.; Lu, S.; Huang, G.; Jia, X.; Bao, C.; Yan, X.; Zheng, X.; Zhao, M.; Jin, Z. Impact of Gas-to-Water Ratio on Treatment Efficiency of Submerged-Macrophyte Constructed Wetland Systems. Water 2024, 16, 1790. https://doi.org/10.3390/w16131790
AMA Style
Mao H, Lu S, Huang G, Jia X, Bao C, Yan X, Zheng X, Zhao M, Jin Z. Impact of Gas-to-Water Ratio on Treatment Efficiency of Submerged-Macrophyte Constructed Wetland Systems. Water. 2024; 16(13):1790. https://doi.org/10.3390/w16131790
Chicago/Turabian Style
Mao, Hongming, Shiwen Lu, Guiying Huang, Xianle Jia, Chenqian Bao, Xinyi Yan, Xiangyong Zheng, Min Zhao, and Zhan Jin. 2024. "Impact of Gas-to-Water Ratio on Treatment Efficiency of Submerged-Macrophyte Constructed Wetland Systems" Water 16, no. 13: 1790. https://doi.org/10.3390/w16131790
Note that from the first issue of 2016, this journal uses article numbers instead of page numbers. See further details here.
Water, EISSN 2073-4441, Published by MDPI
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